Ulangan 4:20

4:20 You, however, the Lord has selected and brought from Egypt, that iron-smelting furnace, ¹  to be his special people ²  as you are today.

Ulangan 16:10

16:10 Then you are to celebrate the Festival of Weeks ³  before the Lord your God with the voluntary offering ⁴  that you will bring, in proportion to how he ⁵  has blessed you.

Ulangan 18:1

Provision for Priests and Levites

18:1 The Levitical priests ⁶  – indeed, the entire tribe of Levi – will have no allotment or inheritance with Israel; they may eat the burnt offerings of the Lord and of his inheritance. ⁷ 

Ulangan 22:1

Laws Concerning Preservation of Life

22:1 When you see ⁸  your neighbor’s ⁹  ox or sheep going astray, do not ignore it; ¹⁰  you must return it without fail ¹¹  to your neighbor.

Ulangan 26:8

26:8 Therefore the Lord brought us out of Egypt with tremendous strength and power, ¹²  as well as with great awe-inspiring signs and wonders.

Ulangan 28:49

28:49 The Lord will raise up a distant nation against you, one from the other side of the earth ¹³  as the eagle flies, ¹⁴  a nation whose language you will not understand,

Ulangan 30:4

30:4 Even if your exiles are in the most distant land, ¹⁵  from there the Lord your God will gather you and bring you back.

Ulangan 30:13

30:13 And it is not across the sea, as though one must say, “Who will cross over to the other side of the sea and get it for us and proclaim it to us so we may obey it?”

[4:20]  ¹ tn A כּוּר (kur) was not a source of heat but a crucible (“iron-smelting furnace”) in which precious metals were melted down and their impurities burned away (see I. Cornelius, NIDOTTE 2:618-19); cf. NAB “that iron foundry, Egypt.” The term is a metaphor for intense heat. Here it refers to the oppression and suffering Israel endured in Egypt. Since a crucible was used to burn away impurities, it is possible that the metaphor views Egypt as a place of refinement to bring Israel to a place of submission to divine sovereignty.

[4:20]  ² tn Heb “to be his people of inheritance.” The Lord compares his people to valued property inherited from one’s ancestors and passed on to one’s descendants.

[16:10]  ³ tn The Hebrew phrase חַג שָׁבֻעוֹת (khag shavu’ot) is otherwise known in the OT (Exod 23:16) as קָצִיר (qatsir, “harvest”) and in the NT as πεντηχοστή (penthcosth, “Pentecost”).

[16:10]  ⁴ tn Heb “the sufficiency of the offering of your hand.”

[16:10]  ⁵ tn Heb “the Lord your God.” See note on “he” in 16:1.

[18:1]  ⁶ tn The MT places the terms “priests” and “Levites” in apposition, thus creating an epexegetical construction in which the second term qualifies the first, i.e., “Levitical priests.” This is a way of asserting their legitimacy as true priests. The Syriac renders “to the priest and to the Levite,” making a distinction between the two, but one that is out of place here.

[18:1]  ⁷ sn Of his inheritance. This is a figurative way of speaking of the produce of the land the Lord will give to his people. It is the Lord’s inheritance, but the Levites are allowed to eat it since they themselves have no inheritance among the other tribes of Israel.

[22:1]  ⁸ tn Heb “you must not see,” but, if translated literally into English, the statement is misleading.

[22:1]  ⁹ tn Heb “brother’s” (also later in this verse). In this context it is not limited to one’s siblings, however; cf. NAB “your kinsman’s.”

[22:1]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “hide yourself.”

[22:1]  ¹¹ tn The Hebrew text uses the infinitive absolute for emphasis, which the translation indicates with the words “without fail.”

[26:8]  ¹² tn Heb “by a powerful hand and an extended arm.” These are anthropomorphisms designed to convey God’s tremendously great power in rescuing Israel from their Egyptian bondage. They are preserved literally in many English versions (cf. KJV, NAB, NIV, NRSV).

[28:49]  ¹³ tn Heb “from the end of the earth.”

[28:49]  ¹⁴ tn Some translations understand this to mean “like an eagle swoops down” (e.g., NAB, NASB, NIV, NRSV, NLT), comparing the swift attack of an eagle to the attack of the Israelites’ enemies.

[30:4]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “are at the farthest edge of the heavens.” The Hebrew term שָׁמַיִם (shamayim) may be translated “heaven(s)” or “sky” depending on the context.